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Screw refrigeration compressor and centrifugal refrigeration compressor are two common types of refrigeration equipment on refrigeration units. Centrifugal compressors are suitable for large central air conditioning systems and industrial refrigeration applications, with high efficiency, compact structure, low vibration characteristics, especially suitable for large flow, continuous operation needs. Screw compressors, with their advantages of smooth operation, high partial load efficiency and easy maintenance, are widely used in medium to large refrigeration systems, including refrigeration, air conditioning and chemical industries.
The main difference between the two is the difference in working principle, the difference in application, mainly explained as follows:
1, screw refrigeration compressor
Screw refrigeration compressor is a kind of equipment used in refrigeration system, which belongs to a type of volumetric compressor. This type of compressor uses a pair of meshing helical rotors (often called positive and negative rotors) to compress the gas. One rotor is driven directly by the motor, and the other is driven by the mesh between the two. As the rotor rotates, the space between them (that is, the volume between the teeth) is gradually reduced, so that the inhaled refrigerant gas is compressed.
Screw refrigeration compressors can be divided into two types: single screw and twin screw, of which twin screw compressors are more common. In a twin-screw compressor, two screws with spiral grooves rotate in the compressor housing to complete the process of refrigerant suction, compression and discharge by changing the volume between the screws and the volume between the screws and the housing. During the compression process, there is usually lubricating oil sprayed into the compression chamber, which not only helps to seal, but also plays a role in cooling and lubrication.
Compression stage: In the conveying process, due to the gradual reduction of the space between the screws, the enclosed refrigerant gas is compressed, and the pressure and temperature rise. This compression process is continuous, and the special design of the screw allows the gas to be compressed without significant pulsation.
Exhaust stage: When the screw is rotated to a specific position, the compressed refrigerant gas reaches the high pressure end of the compressor (exhaust port) and is discharged to the high pressure side of the system (condenser). Here, the pressure of the gas has increased enough to overcome the back pressure of the system, allowing it to drain smoothly into the condenser.
Throughout the operation, lubricating oil is usually sprayed into the compression chamber to help create a dynamic seal, reduce friction between the screws, and take away the heat generated by compression. In addition, the lubricant helps to cool the compressor and extend its service life.
2, centrifugal refrigeration compressor
Centrifugal refrigeration compressor is a common refrigeration equipment, widely used in large central air conditioning systems, industrial refrigeration and other occasions requiring a large amount of cooling capacity. Its working principle is different from other types of compressors, mainly relying on the conversion of kinetic energy into pressure energy to achieve the compression of refrigerant.
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